I would pause
before suggesting that what Yuan desires is “dismissing
the validity of Locke’s rhetoric based on the aforementioned actions”. What
Yuan pinpoints are a couple of the very real repercussions Locke’s work and
words—his role in the propagation of a theory of property acquisition that
legitimizes or at least tolerates the enslavement of millions, the procuring of
land people has no original tie to, and the sidestepping of the people who
did/do in the process. I don’t think it can be denied, Locke committed work to
justify the colonization of the Americas, and the exploitation of peoples and
lands to derive value. Locke writes how in “several nations of the Americans
are of this, who are rich in Land, and poor in all the Comforts of Life; whom
Nature having furnished as liberally as any other people, with the materials of
Plenty, i.e. a fruitful soil, apt to produce in abundance… have not one
hundredth part of the Conveniencies we enjoy.” The only explanation Locke
offers for such seemingly senseless wealth or value inequality (or its thought)
is while an “Acre of Land that bears here Twenty Bushels of Wheat, and another
in America, which, with the same Husbandry, would do the like, are
without doubt, of the same natural, intrinsic Value…yet the Benefit Mankind
receives from the one, in a Year, is worth 5 l. and from the other
possibly not worth a Penny, if all the Profit an Indian received from it
were to be valued, and sold here; at least, I may truly say, not 1/1000. 'Tis Labour
then which puts the greatest part of Value upon Land, without which it
would scarcely be worth any thing.” According to Locke labour alone derives
value for humankind. Labour gives land and the fruits of the land worth. The
lack of labor in the Americas and by the natives peoples of these continents is
what determines low value of lands, despite their abundance. What this leads to
is, first, the thinking that the native peoples of the Americas are inferior
for their inability to labour or negligence to, and secondly, given that the
earth was given to human kind to share in common and each person has the right
to labour and thence acquire property, a European settler laboring the land
they arrived to is justified in claiming it and sidestepping the original
peoples of that land. According to such logic, Locke’s writing leads concretely
to colonization and the justification of it. It's thence such processes and their propagation (the repercussion of Locke's writing) that we now understand as fundamentally oppressive and which Locke advocates for that we must be aware of when considering Locke's own rhetoric.
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